Disasters refer to sudden, catastrophic events that cause significant disruption to the functioning of a community or society, leading to human, material, economic, or environmental losses that exceed the capacity of the affected population to cope using its own resources. Disasters can be natural, such as earthquakes, floods, hurricanes, and wildfires, or man-made, including industrial accidents, pollution events, and acts of terrorism. The impact of a disaster can result in loss of life, injury, property damage, and long-term socioeconomic challenges, necessitating emergency response and recovery efforts. Disasters are typically characterized by their scale of impact and the need for coordinated assistance from local, national, and sometimes international agencies. The study of disasters encompasses the causes, effects, risk assessment, and management strategies related to preparedness, response, recovery, and mitigation.
A sudden power outage affected approximately 3,040 households in Chiba, impacting Noda City and Minami-Boso City. In Noda City, about 1,760 households are without electricity, with no clear restoration timeline.…